Forklift Operation Procedures
FORKLIFT SAFETY
PROGRAM
STATEMENT
The procedures given
here use the terms used in the OSHA regulation, 1910.178. These
terms are "powered industrial truck" and "operator,"
which are the same as the commonly referenced "forklift"
or "lift truck" and "driver."
It is the policy
of the Texas Woman's University to permit only trained and authorized
personnel to operate powered industrial trucks. This policy is applicable
to both daily operators and those who occasionally use a powered
industrial truck.
LIST
OF EQUIPMENT
Powered industrial trucks
used at TWU include the following:
Counterbalanced sit-down rider forklift
Narrow aisle standup reach truck
Electric pallet jack (power-worker)
Walk-behind reach truck (Raymond)
Counterbalanced order picker
Counterbalanced front/side loader lift truck (E.T.)
______________________________________________(other)
______________________________________________(other)
PRE-OPERATIONAL
PROCEDURES
TWU requires operators
to perform pre-operational equipment checks on powered industrial
trucks prior to the beginning of each shift in which those trucks
will be utilized.
Operators are to complete the Daily Lift Truck Checklist
(see sample form at end of these procedures).
A supply of these forms is provided in each charging and parking
area at the Physical Plant warehouse.
No blank spaces are allowed on the form.
If an item does not apply, use the code N/A.
Fill out the comment section accurately to reflect any operational
or visual defects so the Auto Shop Department can repair the problem
before the truck becomes unsafe to operate.
Describe the problem thoroughly so that the Auto Shop Department
personnel can pinpoint the trouble immediately.
If a completed checklist form is not present on the powered industrial
truck, then the truck may not be operated until a checklist is completed.
If the lift truck is safe
to operate:
Place the completed checklist form
on the holder provided on the vehicle.
The checklist must remain on the vehicle's holder for the duration
of the shift.
This serves as a visual notice to all area operators that this piece
of equipment was inspected.
Note it on the checklist
Remove the key from the powered industrial truck and place a
DANGER
DO NOT OPERATE tag on the steering wheel or
control lever of the powered industrial truck.
The employee must take the completed checklist to
the Auto Shop and inform them of the problem. The Auto Shop will
complete he beginning of the shift and may be used during the shift
without another inspection.
At the end of the shift, the checklist
must be turned in to the warehouse manager or supervisor.
The manager or supervisor is responsible for reviewing the checklists
for accuracy, completeness, and any noted defects.
If the lift truck is unsafe A work order form and schedule the lift
truck for repair. Once the work order is written, the lift truck
checklist will be sent back to the warehouse supervisor/manager
for proper filing. It
is against company policy to operate a defective powered industrial
truck or one that has a DANGER DO NOT OPERATE
tag placed on the steering wheel or control levers. Appropriate
disciplinary action will be enforced.
Warehouse management
must retain all Daily Lift Truck Checklist forms
for each vehicle for six months. The file should be updated each
month with the previous month's checklists thrown away so that TWU
always has a constant six-month record retention on these forms.
OPERATING
PROCEDURES
Lift trucks shall not be driven up to
anyone standing in front of a bench or other fixed object.
All body parts (hands, arms, head, feet, legs, etc.)
are prohibited outside the operator compartment of the truck, between
the uprights of the mast or within the reach mechanism or other
attachments of the truck.
Passengers are not allowed to ride on powered industrial trucks.
Operators shall not block access to fire or emergency exits, stairways,
fire equipment or electrical panels.
Under all travel conditions, operate the truck at a speed that will
permit it to be brought to a stop in a safe manner.
Stunt driving and horse-play shall be prohibited.
The operator must slow down for wet and slippery floors.
Running over loose objects on the floor is prohibited.
The operator is responsible for cleaning up all fluid
leaks (oil, hydraulic, transmission, etc.) from the floor.
Operators are required to report ALL lift truck accidents
involving personnel, building structures and equipment to department
management.
The operator shall handle loads only within the capacity
rating of the truck.
Lift trucks shall not be used for any purpose other
than what they were designed.
No person shall be allowed to stand or pass under
the elevated portion of any truck whether empty or loaded.
Lift trucks shall not
be started or any of its functions or attachments operated from
any position other than from the designated operator's position.
If the powered industrial truck is equipped with
seat belts or other restraining devices, the operator must use these
devices. When
using an order picker lift truck, the operator shall wear the safety
belt harness secured to a lanyard at ALL times during operation
of the unit. This includes horizontal as well as vertical operation.
The operator shall look 360 before traveling with a lift truck,
especially when backing up.
The operator shall observe all traffic regulations and under normal
traffic conditions, keep to the
right.
A safe distance of approximately 3 truck lengths shall be maintained
when following another lift truck and the operator shall keep his/her
truck under control at all times.
The operator shall not pass another truck traveling in the same
direction.
The operator shall yield the right of way to pedestrians at all
times.
Operators shall slow down and sound audible warning device (horn)
at cross aisles and other locations where vision is obstructed.
The operator must keep a clear view of the path of travel and observe
for other traffic, personnel and safe clearances. If the load being
carried obstructs forward view, travel with the load trailing.
When the forks are empty, the operator
shall travel with the forks at a negative pitch as low to the floor
as practical. The operator is responsible for adjusting the height
of the forks to a safe level when the operating terrain warrants.
When traveling with
a load on the forks, the operator shall travel with the load as
low to the floor as practical with the load tilted back slightly
for improved stability.
The operator of a narrow aisle reach truck that is unloaded shall
not travel until the forks are fully retracted and positioned as
specified in item #24.
When ascending or descending
a grade or incline the operator shall:
Proceed slowly and with caution.
Drive with the load positioned upgrade or uphill when the truck
is loaded.
Tilt or raise the
forks and attachments only as far as necessary to clear the road
surface.
At no time shall a powered industrial lift truck be parked on inclines,
ramps or dock plates.
A powered industrial truck is considered to be ATTENDED when
the operator is less than 25 feet from the truck which remains in
his view.
Before leaving
the operator's position, the operator shall:
Bring truck to a complete stop.
Place directional controls in neutral.
Apply the parking brake.
Lower the forks or attachments fully until resting on the floor.
When lowering unloaded forks, the forks shall be tilted forward
first and then lowered to the ground until the tips of the forks
come in contact with the ground.
A powered industrial
truck is considered to be UNATTENDED when the operator is
more than 25 feet from the truck which remains in his view, or whenever
the operator leaves the truck and it is not in view regardless of
distance from the truck.
Before leaving the operator's
position in this instance, the operator shall:
Stop the engine
or turn off the controls.
When removing battery covers to
add or inspect electrolyte levels, the operator shall wear goggles,
rubber gloves and apron. Protective equipment is not required when
filling batteries equipped with an automatic filler.
If the lift truck is not put on
a charge during off shifts or weekends, the operator shall disconnect
the battery plug from the truck plug.
During
normal production operation, the lift truck may remain pluged into
battery when left unattended.
If applicable,
to change an LP gas tank, the operator shall:
Put on leather work gloves
and goggles.
Disconnect lift truck valve from the empty LP cylinder.
Replace with full cylinder.
The pin on the lift truck
must fit into the cut out hole(s) provided on the LP cylinder. This
is required by law.
Strap in the cylinder and re-connect
the truck valve securely to the cylinder outlet.
Open cylinder valve and listen for leaks.If leaking, close cylinder
valve and slowly uncouple the fuel valve.
Try to re-connect. If still leaking, try a different cylinder and
notify department management of faulty cylinder.
* If no leaks are present,
lift truck may be utilized. Lift
trucks shall not be operated with a leak in the fuel system until
the leak has been corrected. When
unloading or loading semi-trailers the operator shall:
Engage dock lock mechanism
and light before entering the trailer.
Check condition of dock leveler plate and trailer floor before entering.
If the dock lock mechanism is malfunctioning or cannot be secured
to the semi-trailer due to trailer damage, the operator shall place
wheel chocks under the rear wheels of the trailer prior to loading
or unloading.
When unloading or loading
the 28 foot trailers, the operator shall follow the procedures:
Be sure the semi-tractor is
coupled to the trailer or the fixed jack on the front of the trailer
is lowered to the ground to prevent these two trailers from tipping
forward.
Chock the rear wheels of the trailer if the dock lock device does
not work. The operator
shall use the following backup procedure and sequence:
Pivot at the waist
and inspect the area of operation in the rear of the fork truck,
watching for obstructions and pedestrians.
Blow the horn to alert any pedestrians that may or may not be visible.
Engage the directional lever to the reverse position.
Concentrate on the removal of the forks from the load to avoid any
load disturbance, as you back the fork truck out of the load.
Stop the fork truck 18" to 24" away from the load's resting
location and lower the forks to the proper travel height and
angle.
During load placement, the
operator shall:
Square the fork truck with
the load resting location.
Stop the fork truck 18" to 24" away from the load resting
location.
Raise the load to proper entry height.
Drive forward with the load and position the load over its resting
location.
Lower the load to a height of 4" if possible.
Tilt the load forward to a level position.
Lower the load to its resting platform.
Back up the unit using proper
back up procedures and sequence.
During load retrieving,
the operator shall:
Square the fork truck
with the load resting location.
Stop the fork truck 18" to 24" away from the load resting
location.
Raise the forks to eye level and level the forks to a horizontal
position.
Raise the forks to the proper entry height.
Enter the load and maintain the clearance around the forks to avoid
load disturbance.
Raise the load so it is completely suspended from its resting platform.
Tilt the load back.Visually inspect the rear area of the fork truck
to ensure no pedestrians are behind or around the unit.
Back up the unit using proper back up procedures and sequence.
Back up the fork truck 18" to 24" and stop.Lower the load
to the proper travel height.
TRAINING PROGRAM
Under no circumstances
shall an employee operate a powered industrial truck/forklift until
he/she has successfully completed this company's forklift operation
training program.
This includes all new operators regardless of claimed previous experience.
The training program includes
classroom instruction and operational training on each specific
powered lift truck to be utilized by the employee in his/her work
area.Individuals in the following departments receive training:
Shipping & Receiving
Distribution
Landscaping
Printing
Services
Golf Course
Other individuals as determined by area management
The
Supervisor will identify all new employees in the employee orientation
program and make arrangements with Safety Office to schedule the
classroom instruction for those employees previously identified
in this procedure.
Classroom training consists
of:
Review of policy by employee.
Review forklift operation and safety training video.
Successful completion of examination.
Training program covers:
Types of vehicles.
Nomenclature/operating principles of a powered industrial truck;
Preventive maintenance/pre-operational equipment checks;
safe operating rules.
Issuance of a TEMPORARY Operator
license upon successful completion of classroom training.
Operational training consists
of:
Pre-operational checklist
procedures (see Daily Lift Truck Checklist at end of these procedures).
Operational review of each powered industrial truck the employee
is expected to operate.
This includes:
Pre-operational checklist
procedures;
Proper use of controls;
Maneuvering skills;
Selecting and picking up loads,
Driving with a load;
Stacking and moving loads;
Dock safety; and
Re-fueling/charging operations.
RESPONSIBILITIES
The Safety Office
is responsible for communicating employee re-training, notifying
department management, making scheduling arrangements, and performing
the classroom instruction.
Re-training is tracked via computer and reviewed once each year.
Appropriate training certificates are issued.Human Resources maintains
records in employee safety files of individuals trained and certified
for Powered Industrial Trucks.
Supervisors are responsible for scheduling the employee with the
operational training program after successful completion of the
classroom training or re-training segment.
The trainers are also responsible for completion of the Industrial
Lift Truck Operational documentation and sending it baack to the
Safety Office.
Employees who have successfully completed the classroom and operational
instruction will be issued a permanent operator license from the
Department Operations Trainer.
Employees must have this license with them at all times while operating
powered industrial trucks.
Re-training will be performed every two years.
The TEMPORARY Operator License will allow the employee to operate
lift trucks during the operational training phase.
~~~~~
Daily
Lift Truck Checklist Form
Operator's signature:________________________________
Date:____________________________________________
Lift Truck Number: _________________________________
Type: LPG/Electric:_________________________________
OPERATOR
MUST COMPLETE CHECKLIST AT START OF SHIFT
Hand
in to supervisor when checklist completed.
| REQUIREMENT |
PASS |
FAIL |
| Hour meter reading |
|
|
| Tire Condition |
|
|
Horn |
|
|
| Head/Tail Lights |
|
|
| Steering |
|
|
| Service Brake |
|
|
| Warning
Lights |
|
|
Fluid
Levels in Battery |
|
|
| Parking Brake |
|
|
| Battery Plug Condition |
|
|
| Hydraulic Controls |
|
|
| Battery
Indicator Hose Reel |
|
|
Seatbelts
|
|
|
| Forks Mast |
|
|
| LPG Tank Attachment |
|
|
| Engine |
|
|
| Mirrors |
|
|
| Fluid Leaks |
|
|
| Overhead Guard |
|
|
| Other Gauges |
|
|
| |
|
|
Check
each of the areas that pertain to your lift truck.
|